Phytochemical screening and evaluation of antibacterial and antioxidant activity of extracts of Berlinia grandiflora (Vahl) Hutch. & Dalziel used to combat infectious diseases in Burkina Faso

Abstract

Berlinia grandiflora (Vahl) Hutch. & Dalziel is used in traditional medicine for the treatment of bacterial infections. It is with the objective of providing scientific validation of the use of this plant that this study was undertaken. Extracts of trunk bark and leaves were prepared by maceration using solvents of increasing polarity. Phytochemical screening was performed out using tube tests. Antioxidant activity was evaluated using DPPH and FRAP methods. Antimicrobial activity was assessed on Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus by determining the MIC by the microdilution method. The results of the phytochemical screening showed the presence of phenolic, nitrogenous, steroidal and terpenoid compounds in the extracts. The MICs on E. coli, varied from 0.625 to 5mg/ml. The MICs of the extracts on S. aureus ranged from 1.25 to 5mg/ml. The hexane extract of the trunk bark showed the best activity on E. coli and S. aureus with MICs of 0.625mg/ml and 1.25mg/ml respectively. In addition, the extracts also showed promising antioxidant activity by both methods used. These results provide scientific validation for its use in the management of bacterial infections.