Phénotypes de résistance aux antibiotiques d’isolats bactériens obtenus sur des prélèvements urinaires analysés au CHU de Bogodogo (Burkina Faso)

Abstract

Objective

The aim of this study was to assess the frequency of isolated urinary bacterial pathogens and their bacterial antibiotic resistance phenotypes at the Bogodogo University Hospital.

Materials and method

We performed a descriptive cross-sectional study using data from urine culture analyzed in the biology laboratory of Bogodogo University Hospital. The data analyzed covered the period from January 1, 2019 to December 31, 2019. Urines were systematically cultured on specific media. The agar diffusion technique (Mueller Hinton) of antibiotic-impregnated disks using the modified Kirby Bauer method was used. Data were analyzed according to CASFM/EUCAST 2017 recommendations.

Results

In total, of the 1543 ECBUs performed, significant bacteriuria was detected in 384 samples (24.9%). E coli was the species most frequently identified (191; 49.7%). C3G resistance frequencies for E. coli, K. pneumoniae and E. cloacaewere 61.6%, 68% and 77.7% respectively. Fifty-eight strains (30.3%) of E. coli and 110 strains (27.2%) of K. pneumoniaewere ESBL producers. Quinolone resistance frequencies were 78.6%, 79.6% and 87.5%. The frequencies of resistance to imipenem were 2.8%, 10% and 11.1% respectively for these three enterobacteria. Methicillin resistance in Staphylococcus spp was observed in 33.2% of the strains tested.

Conclusion    

The pathogens most frequently isolated from urinary samples in Burkina Faso are E. coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae. Resistance of these pathogens to commonly used probabilistic antibiotics, notably 3rd-generation cephalosporins, is high.