Étude comparative de l’effet des extraits de Sarcocephalus latifolius et de Tribulus terrestris sur l’induction de l’inversion sexuelle, la croissance et la survie chez le tilapia du Nil (Oreochromis niloticus)

Badioula COULIBALY; Abass OUEDRAOGO; Halidou  KOMI

doi:10.64707/revstsna.v45i01.2377

Authors

Badioula COULIBALY CNRST
Abass OUEDRAOGO Direction Générale des Services Vétérinaires (DGSV) Burkina Faso/SC Ministère de l’Agriculture, de l’Eau, des Ressources Animales et Halieutiques (MAERAH), Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.
Halidou KOMI Direction Générale des Ressources Halieutiques (DGRH) Burkina Faso/SC Ministère de l’Agriculture, de l’Eau, des Ressources Animales et Halieutiques (MAERAH), Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.64707/revstsna.v45i01.2377

Keywords:

Oreochromis niloticus , Tribulus terrestris, Sarcocephalus latifolius, sex reversal

Abstract

Several studies have shown that extracts from tropical plants (Tribulus terrestris and Sarcocephalus latifolius) can be used to induce sex reversal in Nile tilapia. The use of these plants in this process has the advantage of reducing or even eliminating the potential negative effects of using synthetic hormones (17-alpha methyltestosterone) on public health and the environment. The present study aimed to find a natural alternative to the use of synthetic hormones for sex reversal. For the experiment, 9 hapas set up in triplicate for 3 diets were used. These hapas were placed in a 100 m³ pond, and 25 Oreochromis niloticus larvae were placed in each hapa. The following diets were used for feeding during the first 30 days. A control diet consisting of 1 kg of fish meal. Two experimental diets consisting of 1 kg of fish meal + 100 g of Tribulus terrestris (TT) leaf extract; 1 kg of fish meal + 100 g of Sarcocephalus latifolius (SL) fruit extract. For the final two months of rearing, all fish were fed a 1 mm commercial feed without any incorporated plant extracts. Feeding followed the Koudijs protocol at a frequency of 9 meals per day (1 feeding per hour from 9 a.m. to 5 p.m.) during the first month, then 6 per day (from 9 a.m. to 5 p.m.) from day 31 to day 42, and 4 per day (from 9 a.m. to 6 p.m.) for the remainder of the experiment. Data analysis showed that both plants influence sex determination, with an advantage for the TT diet (94.66 ± 6.11% males) compared to 80.00 ± 4.00% males for the groups fed the SL diet. This study demonstrated that extracts from these two plants could be used as sex reversal agents in Nile tilapia.

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