Biosécurité dans les élevages traditionnels locaux de volailles, cas des régions du Centre et du Centre-Est du Burkina Faso

Lalidia Bruno OUOBA; Jean Bienvenue OUOBA; Kuan Abdoulaye TRAORE; Wendlassida Brice Armel OUEDRAOGO; Ezéchiel Wendinda OUEDRAOGO; Assèta KAGAMBEGA; Nicolas BARRO

doi:10.64707/revstsna.v45i01.2305

Authors

Lalidia Bruno OUOBA Laboratoire National d'Elevage
Jean Bienvenue OUOBA Centre Universitaire de Manga, Université Norbert Zongo, Koudougou, Burkina Faso https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7019-6553
Kuan Abdoulaye TRAORE Laboratoire de biologie moléculaire, d'épidémiologie et de surveillance des bactéries et virus transmis par les aliments (LaBESTA), Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6496-5763
Wendlassida Brice Armel OUEDRAOGO Université Nazi BONI, Bobo-Dioulasso https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4848-6797
Ezéchiel Wendinda OUEDRAOGO Centre Hospitalier Régional de Kaya (CHR-Kaya)
Assèta KAGAMBEGA Université Joseph Ki-Zerbo de Ouagadougou (UJKZ) https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3634-9779
Nicolas BARRO Université Joseph Ki-Zerbo de Ouagadougou (UJKZ) https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2933-4357

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.64707/revstsna.v45i01.2305

Keywords:

Traditional poultry farming, Biosecurity, Risk factors, Avian disease, Burkina Faso

Abstract

Traditional poultry farming is a major socio-economic pillar in Burkina Faso due to its significant contribution to food security and the incomes of rural households. This sector remains highly vulnerable to health risks, exacerbated by inadequate implementation of biosecurity measures on farms. The aim of our study was to examine aspects of biosecurity implementation and to identify risk factors associated with the occurrence of diseases in traditional poultry farms in the Central and Central-Eastern regions of Burkina Faso.

A cross-sectional survey with descriptive and analytical objectives was conducted between August and October 2022 among 180 farmers. The information collected via a survey questionnaire enabled the identification of factors associated with the presence of diseases defined by a composite clinical assessment.

Despite a relatively high vaccination coverage rate (85%), biosecurity measures remain inadequate. This was evidenced by the wandering of birds (42.22%), the mixing of different bird species (36.67%), and improper management of bird carcasses. Overall infrastructure compliance was moderate (61.11%). Multivariate analysis reveals a clearly higher risk of disease in the Central region with an odds ratio of 18.99 (p < 0.001).

These results underscore the urgency of strengthening biosecurity practices in traditional poultry farms, particularly through infrastructure improvements, limiting contact between species, and raising awareness among farmers to reduce the occurrence of avian diseases.

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