Effects of Plantation Type on the Composition, Diversity, and Density of the Soil Seed Bank.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.64707/revstsna.v45i01.2258Keywords:
Soil seed bank, Burkina Faso, Forest plantations, Natural regeneration, Ecological restorationAbstract
Forest plantations are often perceived as a niche for biodiversity conservation in
degraded ecosystems. This study analyzes the influence of different plantation types
on the regeneration capacity of local species from the soil seed bank. The seed-based
regeneration potential of a fallow land and three plantation types (Senegalia
macrostachya, Pterocarpus erinaceus, and a mixed-species stand) was evaluated by
collecting and germinating 1,248 soil cores under controlled conditions. The results
reveal that the soil seed bank is exclusively composed of herbaceous plants (26
species), indicating a rapid survival strategy of these species in response to
environmental disturbances. Furthermore, the mixed plantation recorded the highest
density (47 seeds/dm³), highlighting the positive effect of aboveground woody
diversity on soil seed stock production. The vertical distribution of the seed bank is
mostly concentrated near the surface, with 60% of the seeds located within the top 5
cm of soil. No woody species germinated, revealing either an absence of seeds or
unbroken dormancy. The high dissimilarity in species composition between the soil
seed bank and the aboveground vegetation (Bray-Curtis index > 74%) is explained
by a strong prevalence of annual species in the soil. Forest plantations accumulate a
substantial stock of herbaceous seeds in the soil, in contrast to woody seeds. For full
ecological restoration of these ecosystems, direct interventions such as active
planting or dormancy-breaking treatments are necessary.
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