Gastroprotective effect and potential anti-ulcer mechanism of action of fruit extracts of Acacia nilotica var adansonii (Guill. et Perr.) O. Ktze (Mimosaceae)
Gastroprotective effect and potential anti-ulcer mechanism of action of fruit extracts of Acacia nilotica var adansonii (Guill. et Perr.) O. Ktze (Mimosaceae)
Keywords:
Acacia nilotica, gastroprotective, antioxidant, spasmolytic, ulcerAbstract
In Burkina Faso, medicinal plants are used by traditional healers in the of peptic ulcers including Acacia
nilotica. This study was aimed to evaluate the gastroprotective effect of aqueous and aqueous-ethanolic
extracts of A. nilotica dry fruits on a model of gastric ulcer induced by ethanol in mice. Phytochemical
screening and determination of the phenolic compounds were carried out on the aqueous and aqueousethanolic
extracts of dry fruits from A. nilotica. Also, a study of the toxicity and the gastroprotective effect
was evaluated in NMRI mice. Then, an evaluation of spasmolytic effect on contractions induced by acetylcholine
and barium chloride, of the antioxidant power with DPPH and ABTS methods of extracts were carried out.
The highest content of phenolic and flavonoids was obtained with the aqueous extract. Acute toxicity allowed
to classify the extracts as weakly toxic substances. Hydroethanolic extract showed the best released effect
on contractions induced by acetylcholine and barium chloride. Extracts IC50 varied from 6.79 ± 0.86 to
9.39 ± 0.01μg/mL using DPPH method, and ABTS method TEAC ranged from 0.19mgET / g to 0.87mg
ET / g. However aqueous decoction showed a better protection against gastric mucosa at dose of 400 mg/kg
with 97.50%. High content of phenolic compounds and pharmacological effects of extracts justify Acacia
nilotica use by traditional healer in peptic ulcer management.
