Seroprevalence of brucellosis in small ruminants of Ziniaré Commune in Burkina Faso

Abstract

Brucellosis, a polymorphic disease, is a major zoonosis with global distribution and is a public health hazard. In addition, it is one of five priority zoonoses monitored in Burkina Faso in the fight against major epidemics with a “One Health” multisectoral approach involving the ministries in charge of health, agriculture, animal and fisheries resources and the environment. In small ruminants, it is due to Brucella melitensis which is very pathogenic for humans. The general objective of this study was to determine the seroprevalence of brucellosis in small ruminants of the Commune of Ziniaré in Burkina Faso. To do this, the serological status of 600 sheep and 600 goats was determined by the Rose Bengale and iELISA serological tests used in parallel. Seroprevalence of 11% and 8.5% was observed in the tested sheep and goats, respectively. The “herd” prevalences, estimated at 60%, were identical in both species. Brucella melitensis therefore circulates in small ruminant farms of the Commune of Ziniaré in Burkina Faso. As this species is highly pathogenic to humans, adequate measures must be taken to better protect the population against this major zoonosis.