Bacterial infections in children under 5 years of age in the paediatrics department of Hôpital Saint Camille in Ouagadougou (Burkina Faso)

Abstract

Introduction: To study the epidemiological, clinical and biological profile of bacterial infections in children under five years of age at Saint Camille Hospital in Ouagadougou (HOSCO)

Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study with retrospective data collection carried out in the Paediatrics Department of Hôpital Saint Camille in Ouagadougou.

Results: Children who had not yet celebrated their first birthday and males (sex ratio 1.1) were the most affected. 89.02% of the patients were from the city of Ouagadougou. The mode of admission was more often direct in our study (90.24%). The majority of patients (91.50%) were consulted for fever. The signs were polymorphous and several organs were affected. Systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) was the most common. Fever was the most frequent at 96.30%, followed by tachycardia at 91.50% and polypnoea at 48.80%. Dysuria was the second most frequent sign at 39%. Urinary tract infection was the most frequently mentioned hypothesis, with 57.30% of cases, followed by acute febrile gastroenteritis (17.10%). The most common germ was Escherichia coli (47.60%), followed by Staphylococcus aureus (25.60%) and Enterococcus faecalis (6.10%). Cure was observed in 91.46% of cases, with death accounting for 3.66%.

Conclusion: Bacterial infections in children at HOSCO are numerous and dominated by urinary and digestive infections.